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July 27




July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian
Calendar, with 157 days remaining.

Events

   * 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John
     of England.
   * 1663 - The British Parliament passes the second Navigation Act
     requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be
     sent in English ships from English ports.
   * 1689 - Glorious Revolution: Battle of Killiecrankie ends
   * 1694 - A Royal Charter is granted to the the Bank of England.
   * 1778 - American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant - British and French
     fleets fight to a standoff.
   * 1789 - The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of
     Foreign Affairs, is established (later renamed Department of State).
   * 1794 - French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after
     encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the
     Revolution."
   * 1865 - Welsh settlers arrive in Argentina at Chubut Valley.
   * 1866 - The Atlantic Cable is successfully completed, allowing
     transatlantic telegraph communication for the first time.
   * 1921 - Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist
     Frederick Banting announce the discovery of the hormone insulin.
   * 1940 - Bugs Bunny makes his official debut in the animated cartoon A
     Wild Hare.
   * 1943 - World War II: USSR leader Joseph Stalin issues Order No. 227 in
     response to alarming German advances into Russia. Under the order all
     those who retreat or otherwise leave their positions without orders to
     do so will be immediately killed.
   * 1953 - Korean War ends: The United States, People's Republic of China,
     North Korea, and South Korea sign an armistice agreement.
   * 1955 - The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II,
     ends (started on May 9, 1945).
   * 1964 - Vietnam War: 5,000 more American military advisers are sent to
     South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in
     Vietnam to 21,000.
   * 1974 - Watergate Scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary
     Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment
     against President Richard Nixon: obstruction of justice.
   * 1995 - In Washington, DC, the Korean War Veterans Memorial is
     dedicated.
   * 1996 - Centennial Olympic Park bombing: In Atlanta, Georgia, a pipe
     bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer
     Olympics, killing one and injuring 111.
   * 2002 - Air show disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes at an air show
     in the Ukraine killing 78 and injuring more than 100 others, the
     largest air show disaster in history.

Births

   * 1824 - Alexandre Dumas fils, author (+ 1895)
   * 1857 - Augusta Stowe-Gullen, first woman to take a medical degree in
     Canada, feminist
   * 1886 - Ernst May, architect (+ 1970)
   * 1901 - Rudy Vallee, singer (+ 1986)
   * 1903 - Nikolai Cherkasov, actor (+ 1966)
   * 1904 - Isaac Bashevis Singer, writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in
     Literature 1978 (+ 1991)
   * 1905 - Leo Durocher, member of the Baseball Hall of Fame (+ 1991)
   * 1912 - Hilde Domin, writer
   * 1915 - Mario Del Monaco, tenor (+ 1982)
   * 1916 - Elizabeth Hardwick, novelist
   * 1916 - Keenan Wynn, actor (+ 1986)
   * 1917 - Bourvil (Andrˇ Raimbourg), actor (+ 1970)
   * 1922 - Norman Lear, television producer
   * 1940 - Pina Bausch, dancer
   * 1948 - Peggy Fleming, Olympic gold medalist in figure skating
   * 1967 - Juliana Hatfield, musician
   * 1977 - Jonathan Rhys-Meyers, actor

Deaths

   * 1276 - James I of Aragon
   * 1841 - Mikhail Lermontov, author
   * 1844 - John Dalton, English chemist
   * 1863 - William Lowndes Yancey, Southern secession leader
   * 1917 - Emil Theodor Kocher, surgeon and biologist
   * 1924 - Ferruccio Busoni, pianist and composer
   * 1958 - Claire Chennault, World War II aviator
   * 1980 - Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran
   * 1981 - Ryann Lea Forester, president of UAH PRCA
   * 1981 - William Wyler, film director
   * 1984 - James Mason, actor
   * 2001 - Leon Wilkeson, bass (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
   * 2003 - Bob Hope, entertainer

Holidays and observances

   * Cuba - Revolution Day, 2nd Day
   * Maldives - Independence Day, 2nd Day
   * Puerto Rico - Josˇ Celso Barbosa's Birthday
   * Vietnam - Memorial Day for War Martyrs
   * Ancient Latvia - Septinu Guletaju Diena held

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